BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 CALSCALE:GREGORIAN PRODID:iCalendar-Ruby BEGIN:VEVENT CATEGORIES: DESCRIPTION:Statewide sampling to determine spatial distribution\, prevalen ce\, and occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in Illino is community water supplies\, 2020–21\n\n \n\nAmy M. Gahala\, Jennifer B. S harpe\, and Andrew M. Williams\n\nUnited States Geological Survey\n\n \n\nP er- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of synthetic chemical s that have been manufactured and used globally since the 1940s. PFAS are u sed for their oil- and water-repellent properties\, ability to reduce frict ion\, and their flame-retardant nature. PFAS are widely used in a variety o f products\, including clothing\, carpet\, food packaging\, and firefightin g foam. The properties that make them useful in manufacturing\, however\, a lso make them persistent and mobile\, causing potential exposures to the en vironment and humans. Known as “forever chemicals\,” these compounds resist degradation and have been determined to bioaccumulate in humans and wildli fe. The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) collected a total o f 1\,711 samples (includes quality-control samples) of finished water at 1\ ,428 entry points from 1\,017 Illinois community water supply (CWS) systems and analyzed the water samples for PFAS. The results following confirmatio n samples indicated a mean of 99 percent of all sample results were below t he minimum reporting level (MRL) of 2 nanograms per liter (ng/L). Of the de tections at or above the MRL\, 7 of 18 PFAS were detected in 149 of 1\,428 entry points (about 10 percent). Of the nearly 7.4 million residents direct ly served by the CWS systems sampled\, more than 1.3 million residents (abo ut 18 percent) are served by CWS systems that had at least one detection of PFAS above the MRL of 2 ng/L. The most frequently detected PFAS were perfl uorobutanesulfonic acid (about 6.2 percent\, 37 ng/L maximum concentration) \, perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) (about 5.0 percent\, 150 ng/L maximu m concentration)\, and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) (about 4.8 percent\, 2 5 ng/L maximum concentration). Of the 1\,428 entry point samples from the C WS systems\, 149 samples had confirmed detections of PFAS\, with 93 of thos e 149 (about 62 percent) samples having at least one PFAS with a concentrat ion that exceeded the median detected concentration of 3.2 ng/L. The highes t concentrations detected were 150 ng/L (PFOS) and 140 ng/L (perfluorohexan esulfonic acid) at one CWS location which has been shut down and a differen t source of water has been provided to the consumers. Although PFAS detecti ons were more common in CWS systems using surface-water sources (about 35 p ercent\, 30 of 85) and mixed sources (50 percent\, 5 of 10) compared to tho se using groundwater sources (about 9 percent\, 114 of 1\,333)\, a greater range of PFAS concentrations were observed in groundwater CWS systems (2 to 150 ng/L) than in surface water CWS systems (2 to 15 ng/L). Statistically significant differences were determined between some detected PFAS (PFOA\, PFOS\, and perfluorohexanoic acid) and the source of drinking water (ground water\, surface water\, or mixed). This report summarizes the occurrence an d spatial distribution of PFAS in CWS systems across Illinois. The results from this sampling effort could be used by Illinois public health officials to identify the potential risk of PFAS in drinking water to human health. DTEND:20240419T160000Z DTSTAMP:20260317T031801Z DTSTART:20240419T150000Z LOCATION:71 N Partnership Studio in Founders Memorial Library SEQUENCE:0 SUMMARY:Illinois Groundwater Association Spring Meeting Pubic Talk presente d by Amy Gahala UID:tag:localist.com\,2008:EventInstance_46111320978130 URL:https://calendar.niu.edu/event/illinois-groundwater-association-spring- meeting-pubic-talk-presented-by-amy-gahala END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR